8+ New Grad Nursing Resume Examples & Samples


8+ New Grad Nursing Resume Examples & Samples

A group of mannequin resumes particularly designed for people who’ve lately accomplished a nursing program gives sensible illustrations of how one can successfully current one’s {qualifications} and experiences to potential employers. These fashions usually showcase varied formatting kinds, content material group methods, and wording selections acceptable for entry-level nursing positions. They usually embrace examples tailor-made to totally different specialties or profession paths inside the nursing subject.

Entry to well-crafted illustrative resumes provides a number of benefits for brand new nursing professionals getting into the aggressive job market. They’ll learn to spotlight related scientific experiences gained throughout internships or practicums, emphasize key expertise and certifications, and articulate profession targets successfully. Traditionally, the transition from educational coaching to skilled follow has offered challenges for brand new graduates. Mannequin resumes function priceless instruments to bridge this hole, empowering people to current themselves confidently and professionally to potential employers, finally rising their possibilities of securing a desired place.

This info gives a foundational understanding of how illustrative resumes can profit current nursing graduates. The next sections will delve into particular parts of efficient resume building, exploring greatest practices for showcasing expertise, expertise, and training.

1. Focused goal statements

Focused goal statements play an important position in new graduate nursing resumes. A well-crafted goal assertion gives focus and readability, instantly conveying profession aspirations to potential employers. It acts as a roadmap, guiding the reader by way of the remainder of the resume. For a brand new graduate, this assertion can bridge the hole between educational expertise and desired skilled roles. A generic goal assertion can diminish influence, whereas a focused assertion demonstrates a transparent understanding of the precise job and group. For instance, an goal assertion aiming for a place in pediatric oncology may state, “Searching for a difficult and rewarding place as a pediatric oncology nurse at [Hospital Name], using scientific expertise and keenness for offering compassionate care to kids with most cancers.” This contrasts with a generic assertion like, “Searching for a nursing place in a hospital setting.”

Actual-life examples additional illustrate the significance of focused goal statements. Take into account two candidates making use of for a similar essential care nursing place. One candidate makes use of a generic goal assertion, whereas the opposite states, “To acquire a essential care nursing place at [Hospital Name] the place superior expertise and information could be utilized to offer high-quality care to critically sick sufferers.” The second assertion showcases particular curiosity and aligns with the goal position, considerably rising the candidate’s possibilities of making a optimistic first impression. This degree of specificity demonstrates professionalism and dedication to the chosen specialization, usually outweighing restricted skilled expertise widespread amongst new graduates.

In abstract, focused goal statements are important parts of efficient resumes for brand new nursing graduates. They provide a concise and impactful technique to articulate profession targets and display alignment with particular job alternatives. Crafting compelling and targeted goal statements can considerably improve a brand new graduate’s prospects in a aggressive job market, showcasing their dedication and understanding of the specified position.

2. Quantifiable Achievements

Quantifiable achievements characterize a essential component inside new graduate nursing resumes. Whereas expertise could also be restricted, highlighting measurable accomplishments attained throughout scientific rotations, educational initiatives, or volunteer work demonstrates the sensible software of expertise and information. As a substitute of merely itemizing duties carried out, quantifying these achievements gives concrete proof of capabilities. This strategy transforms a resume from a mere chronological listing of actions right into a compelling narrative of influence. For instance, stating “Lowered affected person falls by 15% throughout a scientific rotation by way of implementation of a brand new security protocol” carries considerably extra weight than “Assisted with affected person care.” The previous demonstrates initiative, problem-solving expertise, and a tangible optimistic end result.

Actual-life examples underscore the effectiveness of quantifiable achievements. Take into account a brand new graduate who participated in a student-led well being screening initiative. Quantifying the variety of people screened, or the proportion enhance in early illness detection ensuing from the initiative, showcases the sensible influence of their involvement. Equally, quantifying enhancements in affected person satisfaction scores throughout a scientific placement demonstrates a deal with patient-centered care. These particular, measurable accomplishments present potential employers with concrete proof of the candidate’s skills and potential contributions to their group. This strategy can differentiate a candidate from others with related instructional backgrounds however much less demonstrable influence.

Incorporating quantifiable achievements permits new graduates to beat the problem of restricted skilled expertise. It shifts the main focus from what duties had been carried out to what optimistic outcomes had been achieved. This proactive strategy provides a extra compelling and convincing narrative of expertise and capabilities, considerably strengthening the resume and rising the probability of securing an interview. It demonstrates not solely competence but additionally a results-oriented mindset, extremely valued by employers.

3. Related Key phrases

Related key phrases play a pivotal position in optimizing new graduate nursing resume examples for applicant monitoring methods (ATS). These methods scan resumes for particular phrases associated to the job description, rating candidates primarily based on key phrase density and relevance. With out acceptable key phrases, even extremely certified candidates threat being missed. The strategic incorporation of related key phrases will increase the visibility of a resume inside the ATS, thereby bettering the probability of progressing to the human evaluate stage. This connection between key phrases and ATS performance necessitates cautious consideration of terminology used inside the resume. For instance, a resume focusing on a essential care place ought to embrace phrases like “ACLS,” “BLS,” “essential care,” “hemodynamic monitoring,” and “mechanical air flow.” A resume for a pediatric oncology place would profit from key phrases equivalent to “pediatric oncology,” “chemotherapy administration,” “ache administration,” and “affected person training.” The considered choice and placement of those key phrases, aligned with the precise necessities of the goal position, instantly impacts the resume’s success in navigating ATS algorithms.

Sensible software of this understanding includes analyzing goal job descriptions to establish recurring key phrases and incorporating them naturally inside the resume. As an example, if a job description emphasizes “affected person communication,” a brand new graduate may describe their expertise offering clear and empathetic communication to sufferers and their households throughout scientific rotations. Equally, if “teamwork” is highlighted, the resume may element experiences collaborating successfully with interdisciplinary groups in a healthcare setting. This strategic alignment of resume content material with job description key phrases maximizes the possibilities of a profitable ATS match. Failing to include related key phrases can successfully render a resume invisible to ATS, hindering a brand new graduate’s job search regardless of possessing the requisite expertise and {qualifications}. Actual-world examples display that resumes wealthy in related key phrases constantly rank larger in ATS searches, rising the likelihood of choice for additional consideration.

In abstract, the strategic inclusion of related key phrases is important for maximizing the effectiveness of recent graduate nursing resume examples inside the digital panorama of contemporary recruitment. Understanding the performance of ATS and its reliance on key phrases empowers new graduates to tailor their resumes successfully. This proactive strategy ensures that {qualifications} and experiences are readily recognized by automated methods, rising visibility and finally bettering the possibilities of securing interviews and employment alternatives. The problem lies not solely in figuring out related key phrases but additionally in integrating them seamlessly inside the resume narrative, sustaining knowledgeable and compelling presentation of expertise and accomplishments.

4. Clear Formatting

Clear formatting is paramount in new graduate nursing resume examples. A well-formatted resume enhances readability and facilitates fast comprehension of key {qualifications}. It conveys professionalism and a focus to element, making a optimistic first impression on potential employers. Conversely, a poorly formatted resume can hinder readability, obscuring {qualifications} and probably resulting in rejection, whatever the candidate’s precise suitability. The group of knowledge, font selections, and spacing contribute to a transparent and accessible presentation. As an example, utilizing clear part headings, bullet factors, and constant font kinds improves navigation and understanding. Conversely, extreme use of italics, bolding, or different font sizes can create a visually cluttered and unprofessional look, detracting from the content material’s worth. Take into account the influence of two resumes: one with clear headings, concise bullet factors, and ample white house; the opposite dense, cluttered, and troublesome to navigate. The previous invitations engagement; the latter discourages it.

The sensible significance of clear formatting turns into evident when contemplating the restricted time recruiters usually spend reviewing every resume. A clearly formatted resume allows recruiters to shortly establish related info, equivalent to scientific expertise, expertise, and training. This environment friendly entry to info will increase the probability of a resume receiving thorough consideration. Actual-life examples display the influence of formatting selections. A resume utilizing bullet factors to spotlight key achievements inside scientific rotations permits for speedy evaluation of sensible expertise. Conversely, burying these achievements inside prolonged paragraphs diminishes their influence and will result in their being missed. Moreover, constant formatting throughout a number of job functions streamlines the applying course of, guaranteeing knowledgeable and polished presentation whatever the particular position being pursued. This consistency initiatives a picture of group and a focus to element, qualities extremely valued within the nursing career.

In abstract, clear formatting is a necessary component of efficient new graduate nursing resumes. It instantly influences readability, professionalism, and the environment friendly communication of {qualifications}. Understanding the influence of formatting selections empowers new graduates to current their expertise and experiences in probably the most favorable mild, rising their possibilities of securing interviews and finally, employment. The problem lies not solely in adhering to formatting greatest practices but additionally in tailoring the presentation to align with the precise expectations and preferences of the audience healthcare recruiters and hiring managers.

5. Concise Language

Concise language is important for efficient new graduate nursing resume examples. Resumes function concise summaries of {qualifications}, not exhaustive narratives. Restricted skilled expertise necessitates impactful language, maximizing the presentation of key expertise and accomplishments inside a restricted house. Wordiness dilutes influence, whereas concise phrasing strengthens it. As an example, “Efficiently managed affected person care, leading to optimistic affected person outcomes” is much less efficient than “Improved affected person outcomes by way of efficient care administration.” The latter conveys the identical info extra succinctly, emphasizing outcomes over course of. This precept applies throughout all resume sections, from the target assertion to descriptions of scientific experiences. Selecting exact verbs and eliminating pointless adjectives and adverbs strengthens the general influence.

The sensible significance of concise language turns into obvious contemplating the standard recruiter’s evaluate course of. Recruiters usually spend mere seconds scanning every resume, in search of key {qualifications} and indicators of suitability. Concise language facilitates speedy comprehension, guaranteeing that key info is quickly accessible and simply understood. Actual-world eventualities spotlight the distinction between concise and verbose language. A resume stating “Administered medicines, monitored very important indicators, and offered affected person training, leading to enhanced affected person well-being” could be extra successfully condensed to “Enhanced affected person well-being by way of remedy administration, very important signal monitoring, and affected person training.” This concise phrasing instantly conveys key obligations and optimistic outcomes. Moreover, concise language enhances the general skilled presentation of the resume, reflecting clear communication expertise, an important attribute in nursing.

In abstract, concise language is prime to efficient new graduate nursing resumes. It maximizes influence, facilitates speedy comprehension, and enhances professionalism. The problem lies in distilling experiences and accomplishments into concise but impactful phrases that successfully talk key {qualifications}. This talent requires cautious consideration of phrase alternative, sentence construction, and general message readability. Mastering this side of resume writing considerably strengthens a brand new graduate’s capacity to compete successfully within the job market, presenting their potential in a transparent, concise, and compelling method. This instantly influences a recruiter’s notion of the candidate’s communication expertise and a focus to element, essential elements within the hiring course of.

6. Correct Data

Accuracy in a brand new graduate nursing resume is paramount. Inaccurate info undermines credibility and may result in disqualification from consideration, even after an interview. Verification of all particulars, from dates of employment to descriptions of obligations, ensures a truthful and dependable illustration of {qualifications}.

  • Medical Expertise Accuracy

    Exact documentation of scientific rotations, together with facility names, dates, and preceptors, is important. Inaccurate or deceptive info relating to the extent or nature of scientific expertise can increase critical issues for potential employers. As an example, exaggerating the period of a scientific placement or misrepresenting the extent of accountability held could be simply found by way of reference checks and result in instant rejection. Correct illustration of scientific expertise establishes belief and transparency, foundational parts within the nurse-patient relationship.

  • GPA and Tutorial Honors

    Reporting GPA and educational honors precisely displays educational efficiency. Whereas embellishment might sound tempting, discrepancies between reported and official data can severely injury credibility. For instance, inflating GPA or claiming an honor not obtained could be readily verified by way of transcripts. Such discrepancies increase questions on integrity, a essential attribute within the nursing career. Correct illustration of educational achievements demonstrates honesty {and professional} integrity.

  • Abilities and Certifications

    Itemizing solely attained expertise and certifications is essential. Claiming proficiency in expertise not but mastered or certifications not but earned can result in harmful conditions in scientific follow. As an example, falsely claiming BLS or ACLS certification may have important implications for affected person security. Correct illustration of expertise and certifications demonstrates a dedication to secure and moral follow, a core worth in nursing. Offering correct details about BLS, ACLS, PALS, and different certifications is essential.

  • Contact Data

    Offering present and correct contact info, together with cellphone quantity and electronic mail handle, ensures accessibility for interview scheduling and follow-up communication. Errors in touch info can delay and even forestall communication, probably resulting in missed alternatives. For instance, a typo in an electronic mail handle can forestall interview invites from reaching the candidate. Correct contact info facilitates well timed communication, demonstrating professionalism and responsiveness.

Correct info types the muse of a reliable and dependable new graduate nursing resume. Diligence in verifying all particulars strengthens credibility, selling a optimistic impression on potential employers and paving the way in which for a profitable job search. This dedication to accuracy displays not solely professionalism but additionally the moral requirements important to the nursing career, the place belief and integrity are paramount.

7. Skilled Presentation

Skilled presentation in new graduate nursing resume examples considerably influences employer perceptions. A sophisticated {and professional} resume conveys consideration to element, organizational expertise, and a critical strategy to the job search, all important qualities within the nursing career. Conversely, a resume missing skilled polish can sign a scarcity of seriousness or consideration to element, probably hindering a candidate’s prospects, no matter {qualifications}. This connection between presentation and perceived professionalism underscores the significance of cautious formatting, concise language, and a visually interesting format. As an example, a resume printed on high-quality paper with acceptable margins and clear font selections initiatives professionalism, whereas a resume printed on low-quality paper with inconsistent formatting might convey a scarcity of care or effort. The selection of font, using white house, and the general visible enchantment contribute to the notion of professionalism.

The sensible significance {of professional} presentation turns into evident when contemplating the aggressive nature of the nursing job market. A professionally offered resume can differentiate a candidate from others with related {qualifications}, rising the probability of attracting recruiter consideration and securing an interview. Actual-world examples display this influence. Take into account two resumes with equivalent content material however totally different displays: one with a transparent, concise format, skilled font, and high-quality printing; the opposite cluttered, with inconsistent formatting and poor print high quality. The previous is extra more likely to create a optimistic impression, conveying professionalism and a focus to element. This preliminary impression can considerably affect subsequent evaluations of the candidate’s {qualifications} and suitability for the position. Moreover, skilled presentation extends past the bodily doc to digital submissions. Making certain compatibility throughout totally different platforms and gadgets maintains the meant formatting and professionalism, no matter how the resume is accessed.

In abstract, skilled presentation is an important side of efficient new graduate nursing resume examples. It instantly influences employer perceptions, impacting the probability of securing an interview. The problem lies in understanding and making use of the ideas {of professional} presentation, from font alternative and format to paper high quality and digital compatibility. Mastering these parts enhances the general influence of the resume, conveying professionalism, consideration to element, and a critical dedication to the job search. This consideration to element, whereas seemingly minor, can considerably affect a recruiter’s preliminary impression and finally contribute to a brand new graduate’s success in securing a desired nursing place.

8. Tailor-made to Every Place

Customization is essential for brand new graduate nursing resume examples. Generic resumes usually lack the precise particulars that appeal to hiring managers in search of specialised expertise and expertise. A tailor-made resume demonstrates a candidate’s real curiosity in a specific position and group, rising the probability of consideration. Every software requires cautious adaptation to align with the precise job description and the employer’s acknowledged wants. This customization course of transforms a basic resume right into a focused advertising instrument, showcasing related {qualifications} and experiences that instantly handle the necessities of every particular person place.

  • Highlighting Related Abilities

    Tailoring includes emphasizing expertise instantly related to the goal place. For a pediatric oncology place, highlighting expertise with pediatric sufferers, administering chemotherapy, and offering emotional assist to households turns into essential. Conversely, a resume for a essential care position ought to emphasize proficiency in superior cardiac life assist, hemodynamic monitoring, and mechanical air flow. Actual-world examples display the influence of this focused strategy. A candidate making use of for a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) place ought to emphasize any expertise with neonates, even when gained throughout a quick scientific rotation. This focused emphasis communicates a targeted curiosity within the particular space of nursing, rising the candidate’s enchantment to hiring managers in search of specialised experience.

  • Showcasing Related Expertise

    Tailoring extends to showcasing related expertise, even when restricted. New graduates can adapt descriptions of scientific rotations, volunteer work, or educational initiatives to spotlight experiences related to the goal position. For instance, a candidate making use of for a place in a cardiac unit can emphasize expertise helping with electrocardiograms (ECGs) or caring for sufferers with cardiovascular circumstances throughout scientific rotations. This focused strategy demonstrates sensible software of expertise related to the specified specialization, even inside a broader vary of experiences. Actual-life examples embrace highlighting expertise with particular affected person populations, equivalent to geriatric or pediatric sufferers, relying on the goal position. This tailor-made presentation of expertise maximizes the relevance of even restricted skilled publicity, rising the candidate’s perceived suitability for the precise place.

  • Addressing Particular Necessities

    Rigorously reviewing the job description and incorporating key phrases and phrases instantly associated to the acknowledged necessities is important. This demonstrates a transparent understanding of the position and the employer’s expectations. As an example, if a job description emphasizes affected person training, the resume ought to spotlight experiences offering affected person training throughout scientific rotations or volunteer work. Actual-world examples embrace incorporating particular terminology used within the job description, equivalent to particular software program or gear used within the goal unit. This direct alignment with acknowledged necessities indicators a candidate’s preparedness and suitability for the position, rising the probability of additional consideration. This focused strategy avoids generic statements and focuses on demonstrating particular competencies related to the place.

  • Adapting the Goal Assertion

    The target assertion, usually the primary component reviewed by hiring managers, must be tailor-made to replicate the precise targets of the goal place. A generic goal assertion can diminish influence, whereas a tailor-made assertion demonstrates targeted curiosity and ambition. For instance, a candidate making use of for a place in a surgical unit may state, “Searching for a difficult and rewarding place as a surgical nurse at [Hospital Name], using scientific expertise and a ardour for offering high-quality perioperative care.” This contrasts with a generic assertion like “Searching for a nursing place in a hospital setting.” Actual-world examples embrace specifying the specified unit or division inside a hospital or referencing the group’s mission or values to display alignment and real curiosity. This customized strategy instantly communicates the candidate’s particular profession targets and their understanding of the goal position, making a optimistic first impression and rising the probability of additional evaluate.

In conclusion, tailoring a resume to every place utilized for just isn’t merely a advisable follow; it’s a essential technique for brand new graduate nurses in search of to face out in a aggressive job market. By meticulously aligning expertise, expertise, and profession targets with the precise necessities of every position, new graduates display real curiosity, preparedness, and a proactive strategy to their job search. This focused strategy considerably will increase the effectiveness of recent graduate nursing resume examples, reworking them from generic overviews of {qualifications} into compelling narratives of particular person suitability for particular positions. This customization enhances the resonance of the resume with hiring managers, finally rising the probability of securing interviews and launching a profitable nursing profession.

Steadily Requested Questions

This part addresses widespread inquiries relating to resume improvement for current nursing graduates.

Query 1: How can restricted scientific expertise be successfully offered on a resume?

Restricted scientific expertise could be successfully offered by specializing in quantifiable achievements inside these experiences, highlighting particular expertise utilized, and tailoring descriptions to align with goal job necessities. Emphasis must be positioned on transferable expertise like teamwork, communication, and problem-solving, demonstrated by way of examples from educational initiatives, volunteer work, or extracurricular actions. Clearly articulating studying outcomes and demonstrating initiative throughout scientific rotations can compensate for restricted period or scope of expertise.

Query 2: What methods could be employed to tailor a resume to particular nursing positions?

Efficient tailoring includes cautious evaluation of job descriptions to establish key expertise and necessities. Resumes must be tailored to reflect the language and priorities of every particular job posting. This consists of customizing the target assertion to align with the goal position and highlighting related scientific experiences, expertise, and certifications. Quantifiable achievements inside these experiences must be emphasised to display influence and suitability.

Query 3: How ought to one handle employment gaps on a brand new graduate nursing resume?

Employment gaps for current graduates are typically much less of a priority than for skilled professionals. Concentrate on educational pursuits, related extracurricular actions, volunteer work, or certifications earned throughout any gaps. These actions display steady studying and improvement, even exterior of conventional employment. If gaps occurred as a result of extenuating circumstances, a quick, skilled clarification could be offered in a canopy letter, however is mostly not obligatory on the resume itself.

Query 4: What are probably the most impactful key phrases to incorporate on a brand new graduate nursing resume?

Essentially the most impactful key phrases are these instantly related to the goal place. Analyze job descriptions to establish recurring phrases associated to required expertise, certifications, and specializations. Incorporate these key phrases naturally inside the resume content material, guaranteeing relevance and avoiding key phrase stuffing. Widespread key phrases for brand new graduate nursing resumes embrace phrases like “BLS,” “ACLS,” “affected person care,” “communication expertise,” “essential considering,” and particular nursing specializations, equivalent to “pediatric,” “oncology,” or “essential care.”

Query 5: What are widespread errors to keep away from when crafting a brand new graduate nursing resume?

Widespread errors embrace utilizing generic goal statements, failing to quantify achievements, neglecting to tailor the resume to every place, together with irrelevant info, and overlooking typos or grammatical errors. Moreover, exaggerating expertise, itemizing inaccurate info, or utilizing unprofessional formatting can considerably hinder a candidate’s prospects.

Query 6: How necessary is the format and presentation of a brand new graduate nursing resume?

Format and presentation are essential. A clear, well-organized resume demonstrates professionalism and a focus to element, important qualities in nursing. Use clear headings, constant formatting, and easy-to-read fonts. Guarantee satisfactory white house for readability and keep away from cluttered designs. An expert presentation enhances the general impression and will increase the probability of the resume being completely reviewed.

Cautious consideration to those often requested questions can considerably improve the effectiveness of a brand new graduate nursing resume. A well-crafted resume serves as a strong instrument in securing interviews and launching a profitable nursing profession.

The following part will discover varied resume templates and examples to offer sensible steering in making use of these ideas.

Ideas for Crafting Efficient New Graduate Nursing Resumes

The next ideas present sensible steering for creating compelling resumes that spotlight {qualifications} and appeal to potential employers.

Tip 1: Quantify accomplishments. Moderately than merely itemizing duties, quantify achievements to display influence. For instance, as a substitute of “Assisted with affected person care,” state “Lowered affected person falls by 15% by way of implementation of a brand new security protocol.” This demonstrates a results-oriented strategy.

Tip 2: Tailor the resume. Adapt the resume to every particular job software, highlighting expertise and expertise related to the goal position. A generic resume lacks the influence of a custom-made one.

Tip 3: Use robust motion verbs. Start bullet factors with robust motion verbs to convey dynamism and influence. For instance, use “Managed,” “Applied,” “Developed,” or “Achieved” as a substitute of weaker verbs like “Assisted” or “Helped.”

Tip 4: Spotlight scientific expertise strategically. Even restricted scientific expertise could be impactful if offered strategically. Concentrate on particular expertise utilized, quantifiable achievements, and studying outcomes. Emphasize experiences related to the goal place.

Tip 5: Incorporate related key phrases. Analysis widespread key phrases for goal nursing specialties and incorporate them naturally inside the resume. This enhances visibility to applicant monitoring methods.

Tip 6: Keep a constant {and professional} format. Use a transparent and constant format with skilled fonts, headings, and margins. A visually interesting resume enhances readability and conveys professionalism.

Tip 7: Proofread meticulously. Errors in grammar and spelling diminish credibility. Thorough proofreading is important earlier than submitting any resume.

Tip 8: Search suggestions. Request suggestions from profession companies advisors, mentors, or skilled nurses to establish areas for enchancment and make sure the resume successfully communicates {qualifications} and profession targets.

Making use of the following pointers ensures a refined and efficient resume that highlights key {qualifications} and attracts the eye of potential employers. A well-crafted resume represents a major benefit within the aggressive nursing job market.

The next part will supply concluding ideas and proposals for additional sources.

Conclusion

Mannequin resumes designed for current nursing graduates present invaluable sources for navigating the preliminary levels of a job search. This exploration has highlighted the importance of clear formatting, concise language, quantifiable achievements, and the strategic incorporation of related key phrases. Moreover, the significance of tailoring every resume to particular job functions and sustaining knowledgeable presentation has been emphasised. Correct illustration of {qualifications} and experiences, mixed with a radical understanding of applicant monitoring methods, empowers new graduates to current their expertise and potential successfully.

The efficient utilization of mannequin resumes, mixed with a proactive and strategic strategy to job functions, can considerably improve a brand new graduate’s prospects within the aggressive nursing panorama. Diligent preparation and a dedication to steady skilled improvement place current graduates for fulfillment in securing fulfilling and impactful nursing roles.